| Yobibits (Yibit) | Exaoctets (Eo) |
|---|---|
| 1 Yobibit | 151115.727452 Eo |
| 2 Yobibits | 302231.454904 Eo |
| 3 Yobibits | 453347.182355 Eo |
| 4 Yobibits | 604462.909807 Eo |
| 5 Yobibits | 755578.637259 Eo |
| 10 Yobibits | 1511157.27452 Eo |
| 20 Yobibits | 3022314.54904 Eo |
| 25 Yobibits | 3777893.1863 Eo |
| 50 Yobibits | 7555786.37259 Eo |
| 100 Yobibits | 15111572.7452 Eo |
| Reference | Yobibits (Yibit) | Exaoctets (Eo) |
|---|---|---|
| A plain text message (160 characters) | 1.05879 × 10-21 Yibit | 1.6 × 10-16 Eo |
| A three-minute MP3 | 1.98523 × 10-17 Yibit | 3 × 10-12 Eo |
| A smartphone photo | 2.64698 × 10-17 Yibit | 4 × 10-12 Eo |
| A high-definition film | 2.64698 × 10-14 Yibit | 0.000000004 Eo |
| A dual-layer Blu-ray disc | 3.30872 × 10-13 Yibit | 0.00000005 Eo |
The yobibit is a unit of digital information equal to two to the eightieth power bits, which is 1,024 zebibits. Its symbol is Yibit. It is the largest of the binary prefixes defined by the International Electrotechnical Commission, and the binary counterpart of the yottabit.
At this step the two conventions differ by 20.9 per cent. That gap is the culmination of the argument for the binary prefixes: a naming habit that was 2.4 per cent wrong at the kibibit is now a fifth wrong, which no engineering document can tolerate. The IEC series stops here because the decimal series stopped at yotta when it was defined in 1998.
When the metric system gained ronna and quetta in 2022, the binary series was not extended to match. There are no accepted names above yobi, so a quantity of two to the ninetieth bits has no short form and must be written out. This is a gap in the system that will presumably be filled when someone needs it, though at present nothing comes close.
A yobibit is 151,115,727,451,828,646,838,272 octets, or 128 zebioctets. The world's entire stock of data is somewhere in the low hundreds of zettaoctets, which is a fraction of a per cent of a yobioctet. Nothing at this scale has been built, is being built, or is presently planned.
The unit is nevertheless properly defined, and that completeness has a purpose. A measurement system whose rules run out at a certain size forces every future user to invent an extension, and competing extensions are how ambiguity begins. Defining the whole ladder in advance costs nothing and prevents that.
For anyone reading technical documents, the practical lesson of the whole binary series is the lowercase i. Kibit, Mibit, Gibit, Tibit, Pibit, Eibit, Zibit and Yibit are binary; kbit, Mbit, Gbit, Tbit, Pbit, Ebit, Zbit and Ybit are decimal; and the difference between them grows from negligible to a fifth as you climb. A writer who omits the i has left the reader to guess.
One yobibit equals 1,024 zebibits, 151,115,727,451,828,646,838,272 octets, or about 1.209 yottabits.
The exaoctet is a unit of digital information equal to a thousand petaoctets, or a billion gigaoctets. Its symbol is Eo. It is the unit in which the world's data flows and stockpiles are counted, and it belongs to civilisations rather than to companies or machines.
The most quoted figure involving it is global internet traffic, which passed one exaoctet per month around 2004 and now runs to several hundred exaoctets monthly. Written as an annual total that is several thousand exaoctets, which is why the zettaoctet was pressed into service for yearly figures a decade ago.
A frequently repeated claim holds that all the words ever spoken by human beings would amount to about five exaoctets in text. The estimate comes from a 2003 study and is very rough, but it makes the point: five exaoctets is now less than a fortnight of internet traffic. Whatever the exact number, the flow of data through the network long ago overtook the total of everything humanity has ever said.
Storage at exaoctet scale exists only at the largest cloud providers, and even there it is spread across dozens of buildings on several continents. The annual production of all the world's hard drives and flash memory together is a few hundred exaoctets, so the exaoctet is also the natural unit for describing the output of an entire industry.
What is stored at this scale is mostly not what people imagine. Backups, replicas, logs, telemetry, machine learning training corpora and video kept for regulatory reasons dominate. Deliberately created human work — documents, photographs, recordings that someone chose to make and keep — is a small and shrinking fraction of the whole.
The prefix exa has been part of the metric system since 1975, adopted at the same conference as peta. At the time these were prefixes without applications, defined for completeness. The fact that both became working units of a commercial industry within thirty years is the clearest single measure of how quickly digital information grew.
One exaoctet equals 1,000 petaoctets, 1,000,000,000 gigaoctets, 8 exabits, or about 0.8674 exbioctets.