| Exaoctets (Eo) | Zebibits (Zibit) |
|---|---|
| 1 Exaoctet | 0.00677626357803 Zibit |
| 2 Exaoctets | 0.0135525271561 Zibit |
| 3 Exaoctets | 0.0203287907341 Zibit |
| 4 Exaoctets | 0.0271050543121 Zibit |
| 5 Exaoctets | 0.0338813178902 Zibit |
| 10 Exaoctets | 0.0677626357803 Zibit |
| 20 Exaoctets | 0.135525271561 Zibit |
| 25 Exaoctets | 0.169406589451 Zibit |
| 50 Exaoctets | 0.338813178902 Zibit |
| 100 Exaoctets | 0.677626357803 Zibit |
| Reference | Exaoctets (Eo) | Zebibits (Zibit) |
|---|---|---|
| A plain text message (160 characters) | 1.6 × 10-16 Eo | 1.0842 × 10-18 Zibit |
| A three-minute MP3 | 3 × 10-12 Eo | 2.03288 × 10-14 Zibit |
| A smartphone photo | 4 × 10-12 Eo | 2.71051 × 10-14 Zibit |
| A high-definition film | 0.000000004 Eo | 2.71051 × 10-11 Zibit |
| A dual-layer Blu-ray disc | 0.00000005 Eo | 3.38813 × 10-10 Zibit |
The exaoctet is a unit of digital information equal to a thousand petaoctets, or a billion gigaoctets. Its symbol is Eo. It is the unit in which the world's data flows and stockpiles are counted, and it belongs to civilisations rather than to companies or machines.
The most quoted figure involving it is global internet traffic, which passed one exaoctet per month around 2004 and now runs to several hundred exaoctets monthly. Written as an annual total that is several thousand exaoctets, which is why the zettaoctet was pressed into service for yearly figures a decade ago.
A frequently repeated claim holds that all the words ever spoken by human beings would amount to about five exaoctets in text. The estimate comes from a 2003 study and is very rough, but it makes the point: five exaoctets is now less than a fortnight of internet traffic. Whatever the exact number, the flow of data through the network long ago overtook the total of everything humanity has ever said.
Storage at exaoctet scale exists only at the largest cloud providers, and even there it is spread across dozens of buildings on several continents. The annual production of all the world's hard drives and flash memory together is a few hundred exaoctets, so the exaoctet is also the natural unit for describing the output of an entire industry.
What is stored at this scale is mostly not what people imagine. Backups, replicas, logs, telemetry, machine learning training corpora and video kept for regulatory reasons dominate. Deliberately created human work — documents, photographs, recordings that someone chose to make and keep — is a small and shrinking fraction of the whole.
The prefix exa has been part of the metric system since 1975, adopted at the same conference as peta. At the time these were prefixes without applications, defined for completeness. The fact that both became working units of a commercial industry within thirty years is the clearest single measure of how quickly digital information grew.
One exaoctet equals 1,000 petaoctets, 1,000,000,000 gigaoctets, 8 exabits, or about 0.8674 exbioctets.
The zebibit is a unit of digital information equal to two to the seventieth power bits, which is 1,024 exbibits. Its symbol is Zibit. It is the binary counterpart of the zettabit, and the two now differ by 18.1 per cent — nearly a fifth.
That divergence is the reason the binary prefixes were needed at all. At the kibibit the two conventions differed by 2.4 per cent, a rounding error. Here the difference is large enough that a document using the wrong one is simply reporting a different quantity, and no amount of context can repair the ambiguity after the fact.
A zebibit is 147,573,952,589,676,412,928 octets, or 128 exbioctets. Nothing of this size exists. The total data held by humanity is somewhere in the low hundreds of zettaoctets, which is under a zebioctet, so the world's entire information stock does not yet reach one unit at this step of the binary ladder.
The unit exists because the IEC series was defined completely rather than as far as anyone then needed. That is the same principle the metric system follows: every prefix applies to every unit, whether or not the combination has yet been used. A system with holes in it requires a table of exceptions, and a system without holes requires only the rule.
Where the zebibit could genuinely appear is in address space arithmetic. Two to the seventieth is not a natural pointer width, but multiples and fractions of powers of two run through every discussion of addressing, and a scheme that reserved seventy bits for something would naturally be described in these terms. Such schemes are proposed occasionally and none has yet been needed.
Reading the symbol is the practical skill. Zibit is binary, Zbit is decimal, and at eighteen per cent apart the two are not interchangeable in any document where the number matters. Where a source writes ZB with no explanation, there is no way to know which was meant, and the honest response is to treat the figure as uncertain to a fifth.
One zebibit equals 1,024 exbibits, 147,573,952,589,676,412,928 octets, or about 1.181 zettabits.