| Zebioctets (Zio) | Mebioctets (Mio) |
|---|---|
| 1 Zebioctet | 1.12589990684 × 1015 Mio |
| 2 Zebioctets | 2.25179981369 × 1015 Mio |
| 3 Zebioctets | 3.37769972053 × 1015 Mio |
| 4 Zebioctets | 4.50359962737 × 1015 Mio |
| 5 Zebioctets | 5.62949953421 × 1015 Mio |
| 10 Zebioctets | 1.12589990684 × 1016 Mio |
| 20 Zebioctets | 2.25179981369 × 1016 Mio |
| 25 Zebioctets | 2.81474976711 × 1016 Mio |
| 50 Zebioctets | 5.62949953421 × 1016 Mio |
| 100 Zebioctets | 1.12589990684 × 1017 Mio |
| Reference | Zebioctets (Zio) | Mebioctets (Mio) |
|---|---|---|
| A plain text message (160 characters) | 1.35525 × 10-19 Zio | 0.000152588 Mio |
| A three-minute MP3 | 2.5411 × 10-15 Zio | 2.86102 Mio |
| A smartphone photo | 3.38813 × 10-15 Zio | 3.8147 Mio |
| A high-definition film | 3.38813 × 10-12 Zio | 3814.7 Mio |
| A dual-layer Blu-ray disc | 4.23516 × 10-11 Zio | 47683.7 Mio |
The zebioctet is a unit of digital information equal to two to the seventieth power octets, which is 1,024 exbioctets. Its symbol is Zio. It is the binary counterpart of the zettaoctet, and the two differ by 18.1 per cent.
Nothing of this size exists. The total quantity of data held by humanity, counting every copy and every backup, is estimated in the low hundreds of zettaoctets, and a zebioctet is 1.18 zettaoctets, so the world holds a few hundred of these units in total. It is the first binary unit for which the world's entire stock is a small multiple rather than a large one.
The unit is defined for completeness rather than for use, which is a deliberate feature of both the metric and the IEC systems. Every prefix applies to every unit without exception, so a reader who has never seen Zio can decode it from the prefix alone. A system that ran out of names at some arbitrary point would force each future user to invent an extension, and rival extensions are how ambiguity is born.
There is one place where the unit would arise naturally. Storage addressing beyond 64 bits has been designed but not needed: the ZFS filesystem uses 128-bit block pointers, giving it a theoretical capacity far beyond any binary prefix that has a name. Where such a scheme states intermediate limits, those limits fall in this range and are properly written in zebioctets.
The 18.1 per cent gap between zebioctet and zettaoctet is worth holding in mind when reading forecasts. Predictions of global data growth are published in zettaoctets, and any that were computed in binary and reported in decimal are nearly a fifth off. Given that such forecasts are already rough, that error is not the largest source of uncertainty, but it is an avoidable one.
The symbol Zio, like all the IEC symbols, is a capital letter followed by lowercase i and then the unit. It is the presence of that i, rather than any statement in the text, that tells a reader unambiguously which quantity is meant, and a document that omits it has not said what it appears to have said.
One zebioctet equals 1,024 exbioctets, 1,180,591,620,717,411,303,424 octets, 8 zebibits, or about 1.181 zettaoctets.
The mebioctet is a unit of digital information equal to 1,048,576 octets, which is 1,024 kibioctets. Its symbol is Mio. It is the binary counterpart of the megaoctet, and the two differ by 4.9 per cent — the point at which a careful writer starts distinguishing them.
The unit's most visible home is the processor cache. The fast memory built into a processor to hold recently used data is sized in binary, and modern chips carry caches measured in mebioctets: a few hundred kibioctets at the second level and tens of mebioctets at the third. Those figures are exact powers of two because the cache is addressed by dividing an address into fixed bit fields.
Block sizes and buffers follow the same logic. Filesystems allocate in blocks, database engines read in pages, compression tools work in windows, and all of these are powers of two, most often a few mebioctets. A tool that offers a buffer of 16 megaoctets almost always means 16 mebioctets, because the underlying allocation is a shift rather than a multiplication.
The distinction has become visible to ordinary users through the discrepancy between what a download claims and what a file manager reports. A file described as 100 megaoctets on a website is often 100 mebioctets on disc, or the reverse, and the resulting 4.9 per cent difference is enough to make a progress bar look wrong without anything actually being wrong.
For scale, a mebioctet holds a million characters of unaccented text — roughly a long novel, or five hundred pages. It is also a single photograph from a modest camera, or eight seconds of high-definition video. The same unit therefore describes both a very large amount of text and a very small amount of video, which says a good deal about the relative cost of representing the two.
The IEC notation Mio is used in technical documentation, in the Linux kernel, in filesystem tools and in standards. It remains rare in consumer software, where MB is written for both quantities. When a figure matters, the safest habit is to compute in octets and convert once at the end.
One mebioctet equals 1,048,576 octets, 1,024 kibioctets, 8 mebibits, or about 1.049 megaoctets.