Liter per minute (L/min)

Volumetric flow rate unit · SI system

All units Volumetric flow rate converter

The litre per minute is a unit of volumetric flow rate equal to one litre passing a point every minute. Its symbol is L/min. It is the unit of taps, showers and small pumps — the flows a person meets directly, at a rate slow enough that a minute is the natural interval to count over.

Household plumbing is specified in it almost everywhere. A modern shower head delivers 6 to 9 litres per minute, an older one 15 or more, a kitchen tap 5 to 10, and a bath filler 15 to 20. Water-efficiency regulations in many countries set maximum figures in exactly these terms, because the flow rate multiplied by a typical shower length gives the volume of water and the energy needed to heat it.

That calculation is the reason the unit matters beyond plumbing. Reducing a shower from 12 to 8 litres per minute cuts both the water and the heating energy by a third, and heating water is one of the largest energy uses in a house. A restrictor costing very little changes a household's energy bill measurably.

Medicine uses the unit for gases. Oxygen therapy is prescribed in litres per minute — 2 through a nasal cannula for mild supplementation, 15 through a mask with a reservoir in an emergency — and the flowmeter on the wall of a hospital room is calibrated in exactly this unit. Anaesthetic machines are set the same way.

Engines and compressors also appear here. A small air compressor delivers 100 to 200 litres per minute of free air; a car's cooling system circulates tens of litres per minute; a garden pump moves 20 to 60. In each case the number is the useful one because the equipment runs for minutes at a time rather than seconds.

Sixty litres per minute is one litre per second, so the two units differ by the same factor as the two time units. That makes the conversion easy to do mentally, and it explains why the same equipment is often described in litres per minute by its manufacturer and litres per second by the engineer designing the system it goes into.

One litre per minute equals about 0.01667 litres per second, 1,000 millilitres per minute, or about 0.22 imperial gallons per minute.

Liter per minute conversion table

UnitSymbol1 Liter per minute equals1 of these equalsConverter
Milliliter per secondmL/s16.6666666667 mL/s0.06 L/minLiters per minute to Milliliters per second
Milliliter per minutemL/min1000 mL/min0.001 L/minLiters per minute to Milliliters per minute
Milliliter per hourmL/h60000 mL/h0.0000166666666667 L/minLiters per minute to Milliliters per hour
Liter per secondL/s0.0166666666667 L/s60 L/minLiters per minute to Liters per second
Liter per hourL/hour60 L/hour0.0166666666667 L/minLiters per minute to Liters per hour
Cubic millimeter per secondmm³/s16666.6666667 mm³/s0.00006 L/minLiters per minute to Cubic millimeters per second
Cubic millimeter per minutemm³/min1000000 mm³/min0.000001 L/minLiters per minute to Cubic millimeters per minute
Cubic millimeter per hourmm³/hour60000000 mm³/hour0.0000000166666666667 L/minLiters per minute to Cubic millimeters per hour
Cubic centimeter per secondcm³/s16.6666666667 cm³/s0.06 L/minLiters per minute to Cubic centimeters per second
Cubic centimeter per minutecm³/min1000 cm³/min0.001 L/minLiters per minute to Cubic centimeters per minute
Cubic centimeter per hourcm³/h60000 cm³/h0.0000166666666667 L/minLiters per minute to Cubic centimeters per hour
Cubic meter per secondm³/s0.0000166666666667 m³/s60000 L/minLiters per minute to Cubic meters per second
Cubic meter per minutem³/min0.001 m³/min1000 L/minLiters per minute to Cubic meters per minute
Cubic meter per hourm³/h0.06 m³/h16.6666666667 L/minLiters per minute to Cubic meters per hour
Cubic inch per secondin³/s1.01706240158 in³/s0.98322384 L/minLiters per minute to Cubic inches per second
Cubic inch per minutein³/min61.0237440947 in³/min0.016387064 L/minLiters per minute to Cubic inches per minute
Cubic inch per hourin³/h3661.42464568 in³/h0.000273117733333 L/minLiters per minute to Cubic inches per hour
Cubic foot per secondft³/s0.000588577778733 ft³/s1699.0107954 L/minLiters per minute to Cubic feet per second
Cubic foot per minuteft³/min0.035314666724 ft³/min28.31684659 L/minLiters per minute to Cubic feet per minute
Cubic foot per hourft³/h2.11888000344 ft³/h0.471947443167 L/minLiters per minute to Cubic feet per hour
Fluid ounce per secondfl oz/s0.586584662131 fl oz/s1.70478375 L/minLiters per minute to Fluid ounces per second
Fluid ounce per minutefl oz/min35.1950797279 fl oz/min0.0284130625 L/minLiters per minute to Fluid ounces per minute
Fluid ounce per hourfl oz/h2111.70478367 fl oz/h0.000473551041667 L/minLiters per minute to Fluid ounces per hour
Gallon per secondgal/s0.00366615413832 gal/s272.7654 L/minLiters per minute to Gallons per second
Gallon per minutegal/min0.219969248299 gal/min4.54609 L/minLiters per minute to Gallons per minute
Gallon per hourgal/h13.1981548979 gal/h0.0757681666667 L/minLiters per minute to Gallons per hour
US Gallon per secondgal US/s0.0044028675393 gal US/s227.12470704 L/minLiters per minute to US Gallons per second
US Gallon per minutegal US/min0.264172052358 gal US/min3.785411784 L/minLiters per minute to US Gallons per minute
US Gallon per hourgal US/h15.8503231415 gal US/h0.0630901964 L/minLiters per minute to US Gallons per hour